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Cost Plan Template

A free NRM1 cost plan template for UK construction, with a worked Stage 2 example for a 1,850 m2 GP surgery, the elemental breakdown explained, and the allowances people forget.

What is a Cost Plan Template?

A cost plan is an estimate of the total cost of a construction project, organised by building elements (substructure, superstructure, services, and so on) rather than by trade. Prepared by quantity surveyors at various stages of design development, cost plans are used to set budgets, control costs, and inform design decisions. In the UK, cost plans typically follow the NRM1 (New Rules of Measurement: Order of cost estimating and cost planning) structure published by the RICS. The elemental split is the whole point. Organising by trade tells you what you will buy. Organising by element tells you where the money is going and lets you compare this job against the last one, because a m2 rate for substructure means something across projects in a way that a m2 rate for "groundworks package" does not. Cost plans firm up as the design does. NRM1 recognises this with a sequence: an order of cost estimate at RIBA Stage 0 to 1, then Formal Cost Plan 1 at Stage 2, Cost Plan 2 at Stage 3, and Cost Plan 3 at Stage 4. Each one carries less risk allowance than the last, because each one is measured off more information. The number at the bottom is not the interesting part. The assumptions and exclusions are. A cost plan without them is just a guess with a table around it.

Key Sections to Include

1. Project Information - Description, gross internal floor area (GIFA), and basis of estimate. 2. Elemental Cost Breakdown - Costs organised by NRM1 elements (facilitating works, substructure, superstructure, internal finishes, fittings, services, external works). 3. Preliminaries - Contractor's site costs and management. 4. Contingencies - Design development risk and construction risk allowances. 5. Professional Fees - Design team and other professional fees. 6. Other Costs - Planning fees, building control, party wall costs, VAT. 7. Cost Summary - Total project cost with cost per m2 benchmarks. THE FOUR LINES PEOPLE LEAVE OUT Tender inflation. Your rates have a base date. The tender goes out later and the job builds later still. NRM1 wants inflation to the tender date shown as a separate line, and on a long lead-in it is a real number, not a rounding error. Design development risk. Not the same as construction risk. This is the allowance for the design growing between now and Stage 4, and it should shrink at every stage. If it does not shrink, the design is not developing. Abnormals. Piling because of made ground, a substation diversion, a party wall award, an S278 highways job. These sit outside the m2 benchmark and they are what blows budgets. Get them on the page early, even as a provisional figure with a note. VAT. Say clearly whether the cost limit is inclusive or exclusive, and whether the client can recover. Getting this wrong is a 20 percent error, and it is always the one that gets noticed in the board pack.

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COST PLAN

Project: [Project Name]
RIBA Stage: [1/2/3/4]
Date: [DD/MM/YYYY]
Prepared by: [QS Name]
GIFA: [X,XXX] m2
Base Date: [Quarter/Year]
Location Factor: [X.XX]

ELEMENTAL COST SUMMARY
| Element | Description | Cost | Cost/m2 |
|---------|------------|------|---------|
| 0 | Facilitating Works | | |
| 1 | Substructure | | |
| 2 | Superstructure | | |
| 2.1 | - Frame | | |
| 2.2 | - Upper Floors | | |
| 2.3 | - Roof | | |
| 2.4 | - Stairs and Ramps | | |
| 2.5 | - External Walls | | |
| 2.6 | - Windows and External Doors | | |
| 2.7 | - Internal Walls and Partitions | | |
| 2.8 | - Internal Doors | | |
| 3 | Internal Finishes | | |
| 4 | Fittings, Furnishings and Equipment | | |
| 5 | Services | | |
| 5.1 | - Sanitary Installations | | |
| 5.2 | - Disposal Installations | | |
| 5.3 | - Water Installations | | |
| 5.4 | - Heat Source | | |
| 5.5 | - Space Heating and Air Conditioning | | |
| 5.6 | - Ventilation | | |
| 5.7 | - Electrical Installations | | |
| 5.8 | - Fire and Lightning Protection | | |
| 5.9 | - Communication and Security | | |
| 5.10 | - Lifts | | |
| 5.11 | - Builder's Work in Connection | | |
| | BUILDING WORKS TOTAL | | |
| 6 | Prefabricated Buildings and Modules | | |
| 7 | Work to Existing Buildings | | |
| 8 | External Works | | |
| | TOTAL CONSTRUCTION COST | | |
| | Preliminaries ([X]%) | | |
| | Overheads and Profit ([X]%) | | |
| | WORKS COST TOTAL | | |
| | Design Development Risk ([X]%) | | |
| | Construction Risk ([X]%) | | |
| | BASE COST ESTIMATE | | |
| | Tender Inflation to [Date] | | |
| | COST LIMIT (excl. VAT) | | |
| | Professional Fees ([X]%) | | |
| | Other Costs | | |
| | VAT (if applicable) | | |
| | TOTAL PROJECT COST | | |

NOTES AND ASSUMPTIONS
1. [Key assumption 1]
2. [Key assumption 2]
3. [Exclusions]

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

WORKED EXAMPLE: STAGE 2 COST PLAN, 1,850 m2 GP SURGERY

A two-storey primary care centre on a cleared brownfield plot in Swindon. Steel frame, brick and render envelope, mechanical ventilation with heat recovery, one 8-person lift. Stage 2 concept design, so the figures are benchmark-driven, not measured.

Project: Wroughton Primary Care Centre
RIBA Stage: 2 (Formal Cost Plan 1)
Date: 14/07/2026
Prepared by: O. Hagger MRICS
GIFA: 1,850 m2
Base Date: 2Q 2026
Location Factor: 0.98 (Swindon)

| Element | Description | Cost | Cost/m2 |
|---------|------------|------|---------|
| 0 | Facilitating Works (site clearance, remediation of known hotspot) | £142,000 | £77 |
| 1 | Substructure (CFA piles to made ground, pile caps, ground slab) | £351,000 | £190 |
| 2.1 | Frame (steel, 2 storey) | £259,000 | £140 |
| 2.2 | Upper Floors (metal deck composite) | £96,000 | £52 |
| 2.3 | Roof (single ply on metal deck, PV-ready) | £148,000 | £80 |
| 2.4 | Stairs and Ramps | £46,000 | £25 |
| 2.5 | External Walls (brick outer leaf, render panels, SFS) | £333,000 | £180 |
| 2.6 | Windows and External Doors (alu, triple glazed) | £185,000 | £100 |
| 2.7 | Internal Walls and Partitions (consulting room acoustic spec) | £176,000 | £95 |
| 2.8 | Internal Doors | £83,000 | £45 |
| 3 | Internal Finishes (welded vinyl, suspended ceilings) | £222,000 | £120 |
| 4 | Fittings, Furnishings and Equipment (clinical joinery, reception) | £139,000 | £75 |
| 5 | Services (MVHR, ASHP, electrical, med gas, nurse call, lift) | £832,000 | £450 |
| 8 | External Works (car park 42 spaces, S278 footway, landscaping) | £268,000 | £145 |
| | TOTAL CONSTRUCTION COST | £3,280,000 | £1,773 |
| | Preliminaries (14%) | £459,000 | £248 |
| | Overheads and Profit (5%) | £187,000 | £101 |
| | WORKS COST TOTAL | £3,926,000 | £2,122 |
| | Design Development Risk (7%) | £275,000 | £149 |
| | Construction Risk (4%) | £157,000 | £85 |
| | BASE COST ESTIMATE | £4,358,000 | £2,356 |
| | Tender Inflation to 1Q 2027 (3.5%) | £153,000 | £83 |
| | COST LIMIT (excl. VAT) | £4,511,000 | £2,438 |
| | Professional Fees (11%) | £496,000 | £268 |
| | Other Costs (planning, BC, S278 fees, surveys) | £94,000 | £51 |
| | VAT (20%, not recoverable) | £1,020,000 | £551 |
| | TOTAL PROJECT COST | £6,121,000 | £3,309 |

NOTES AND ASSUMPTIONS
1. Rates benchmarked against two comparable primary care schemes (2025 and 2026), adjusted to 2Q 2026 base and Swindon location factor 0.98.
2. Services at £450/m2 reflects clinical spec: MVHR throughout, ASHP, medical gas to two treatment rooms, nurse call, and enhanced small power. A commercial office of this size would sit nearer £280/m2. This single line is 25 percent of construction cost and is the biggest risk in the plan at Stage 2.
3. Substructure assumes CFA piling based on the Stage 1 desk study identifying made ground to 3.5m. No intrusive GI yet. If the GI comes back deeper, this line moves.
4. Design development risk at 7 percent reflects Stage 2. Expect this to fall to around 4 percent at Stage 3 and 2 percent at Stage 4 as the design firms up.
5. Tender inflation taken to an assumed 1Q 2027 tender return. If the programme slips two quarters, add roughly 1.8 percent.

EXCLUSIONS
1. Loose furniture and clinical equipment (client direct).
2. IT and telephony beyond containment and backbone.
3. Land acquisition, legal costs, and finance costs.
4. Decant or temporary accommodation.
5. Abnormal statutory diversions. The 11kV cable shown crossing the north of the site on the utility search is not allowed for pending a DNO response. Flagged to the client as an open risk on 14/07/2026.

That last exclusion is the one that matters. A cost plan that quietly ignores the cable reads better today and costs you the argument in six months.

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When Do You Need This?

At each RIBA stage to refine the estimate. When design changes are proposed to assess cost impact. When the client needs a budget or funding approval. For cost comparison between design options. WHEN A COST PLAN IS THE WRONG TOOL At RIBA Stage 0 to 1, before there is a plan form or a GIFA you trust, an elemental cost plan gives false precision. What you want is an order of cost estimate: a functional unit or floor area method with a stated range. Publishing a 14-line elemental table off a sketch invites everyone to treat £4,511,000 as a promise. It is not. At Stage 4 and into construction, the cost plan stops being the control document. Once you are tendered and let, control moves to the cost report and the CVR, measured against the contract sum. Keep updating a Stage 4 cost plan alongside a live contract and you will end up with two versions of the truth and an argument about which one the client believes. For a bill of quantities, a cost plan is not a substitute. NRM1 is for estimating and cost planning. NRM2 is for detailed measurement and works procurement. Sending an elemental cost plan out as tender documentation gets you priced on assumptions rather than scope. And where the procurement route is two-stage design and build with an early contractor appointment, the contractor's own build-up will overtake your cost plan sooner than you would like. Your job then shifts to interrogating theirs, not defending yours line by line.

Who Uses This Template?

Quantity Surveyors prepare cost plans. Project Managers use them for budget management. Clients use them for funding decisions. Design teams use them to understand cost constraints. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS What is the difference between NRM1, NRM2 and NRM3? NRM1 is order of cost estimating and cost planning, which is what this template follows. NRM2 covers detailed measurement for works procurement, so bills of quantities. NRM3 covers building maintenance works and whole-life cost. They are one suite from the RICS but they do different jobs at different points, and using the wrong one is a common way to make a document nobody can use. How much contingency should a cost plan carry? It depends on the stage and the project, but as a rough shape: design development risk of around 5 to 10 percent at Stage 2, falling towards 2 to 3 percent by Stage 4, with construction risk of 3 to 5 percent depending on the ground, the existing building, and the procurement route. Refurbishment carries more than new build. A brownfield site with no intrusive GI carries more than a cleared greenfield plot. The number matters less than being able to say what it is for. Why is the cost per m2 different from the published benchmark? Because benchmarks are averages of jobs that are not yours. The three things that move a rate most are specification, location and date. A £450/m2 services line on a GP surgery is not comparable to a £280/m2 line on a shed, and a 2023 benchmark is not a 2026 price. Always adjust for base date and location factor before you compare anything, and say in your notes what you adjusted. Should the cost plan include VAT? State it explicitly either way. NRM1 convention is to give the cost limit excluding VAT and show VAT as a separate line in the total project cost, because recoverability depends on the client. A private developer selling new-build housing is in a different position from a GP partnership. Never leave the reader to guess which side of the line your headline number sits on. Who signs off a cost plan? The QS prepares it, but it should be issued with the design team's agreement that the assumptions reflect the design, and formally accepted by the client as the budget. A cost plan the client has never accepted is not a control document, it is correspondence.

Generate This with AI

AI can help generate preliminary cost plans by applying benchmark rates to your GIFA and project type. Provide the AI with the building type, size, location, and specification level, and it will produce an elemental cost breakdown. Always verify rates against current market data and your own cost database. THREE MISTAKES THAT WRECK AN AI-DRAFTED COST PLAN Trusting the rates. This is the big one. AI does not have your cost database and it does not know what steel did last quarter. It will produce a confident £/m2 for every element and some of them will be years out of date or quietly American. Use the AI for the structure, the elemental completeness, and the arithmetic. Get every rate from your own data or a current source like BCIS, and say in the notes where each one came from. Letting it skip the assumptions. Ask an AI for a cost plan and you get a table. You almost never get exclusions, and you never get the honest ones. The AI does not know about the 11kV cable. Write the assumptions and exclusions yourself, because they are the part that protects you, and they are the part that cannot be generated from a prompt. Accepting a flat contingency. AI tends to stick 5 percent on everything and move on. Design development risk and construction risk are different allowances answering different questions, and both should be argued from what you actually do not know yet about this job. If you cannot explain what a percentage is covering, take it out and put in a number you can defend.

Template Details

Cost
Free
Format
Copy-paste ready
Industry
Construction

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